Marine biologists are making progress in deciphering the communication of sperm whales. However, locating these deep-diving creatures and predicting their surfacing spots remains a challenging task due to their ability to dive to great depths and stay submerged for extended periods. To address this issue, scientists from Project CETI and Harvard University have proposed a new approach using autonomous robots and a combination of sensor data to locate and anticipate sperm whale surfacing locations.
The method outlined in a recent study published in the journal Science Robotics presents an opportunity to test innovative algorithms, sensing technologies, and artificial intelligence in a complex marine environment. Project CETI, initiated in 2020, aims to unravel the vocalizations of sperm whales to understand their communication patterns. By attaching tracking devices to the whales and utilizing customized drones, researchers have been able to monitor the behavior of these elusive creatures in real-time.
The study employs various sensing devices, including aerial drones equipped with very high-frequency (VHF) signal capabilities, to estimate the direction of signals emitted by tagged whales. This data helps predict when and where a sperm whale may surface, enabling the development of algorithms for efficient drone navigation and potential applications in conservation efforts to prevent ship collisions with surfacing whales.
Named the Autonomous Vehicles for Whale Tracking And Rendezvous by remote Sensing (AVATARS) framework, this method combines autonomy and sensing components to enhance the chances of visually spotting whales and optimizing drone deployment decisions. By integrating data from autonomous drones, tags, sensors, and previous biological studies, the AVATARS algorithm minimizes missed opportunities to rendezvous with sperm whales.
This innovative approach mirrors the time-critical rendezvous method employed in rideshare applications, where real-time sensing is used to connect drivers with riders efficiently. Project CETI’s advancement in tracking and studying whales in their natural habitat through autonomous systems and sensor integration marks a significant step forward in understanding the complex behaviors and communications of these remarkable creatures.
“I’m thrilled to be part of this groundbreaking work for Project CETI,” remarked Stephanie Gil, a study co-author and computer scientist at Harvard University. “By leveraging autonomous systems and advanced sensor integration, we can address key challenges in tracking and studying whales in their natural environment. This technological advancement not only enhances our understanding of whale behavior but also contributes to conservation efforts aimed at protecting these fascinating marine mammals.”
