The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is known for its extreme dryness, with minimal rainfall due to the Humboldt Current and lack of moisture in the air. Despite this harsh environment, people still inhabit the region, relying on underground aquifers for freshwater. However, with the aquifer depleting rapidly, alternative solutions are needed to address the water crisis.
One such solution is fog harvesting, a simple and sustainable method of collecting moisture from low-lying clouds. While fog harvesting has been used in rural areas for years, a recent study suggests it could be scaled up to meet the water needs of communities like Alto Hospicio. By setting up fog collectors, it’s estimated that up to 300,000 liters of water per week could be gathered for the residents of the informal settlements in Alto Hospicio.
The process of fog harvesting involves setting up mesh panels to collect condensation, which is then channeled into storage containers. This captured water could not only provide drinking water but also support agriculture and irrigation in the region. With strategic placement of fog collectors, it’s possible to harness large amounts of water, making it a potentially renewable resource for the arid landscape.
Researchers have conducted studies and mathematical modeling to determine the feasibility of fog harvesting in northern Chile. The results show that fog is highly seasonal, peaking during the winter and spring months. By strategically placing fog collectors, it’s possible to yield significant amounts of water to meet the needs of the growing population in Alto Hospicio.
While fog harvesting offers a promising solution to the water crisis in the Atacama Desert, further research and testing are needed to ensure the quality and safety of the harvested water. By exploring innovative solutions like fog harvesting, there is hope for addressing water scarcity in the region and providing a sustainable source of freshwater for the communities in need.
